Information warfare is as old as the warfare itself. However, in the olden days, “information warfare included only fields such as misinformation, propaganda, and deception.” It has been successfully employed by all nations, perhaps since Sun Tzu, who said, “All wars are based on deception.”
In modern times, Information Technology (IT) gained prominence with a study published by Harvard Business Review in 1958. Information technology has revolutionised communication, and enhanced interaction between people, groups, communities, and states. Since it was aimed at improving communication and information dissemination, it expanded its area of coverage at a much faster rate than anticipated. Moreover, the human appetite to absorb technology also helped spread its wings quickly, and across the globe in a short time. This occurred primarily because it helped bring people together, facilitated them in education, health, travel, communication, and improved lifestyles.
No sooner had states started to improve their adaptability to newer technology, the relatively developed states started to weaponise them to gain an advantage. Information warfare became exceedingly sophisticated and damaging. The phenomenal development in the domain of information technology benefited electronic media the most. Perhaps, the US-led Allied Forces successfully employed media as a tool to demonise Iraq and its leadership to their advantage in the Gulf War-I. Likewise, India employed a successful media...
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